Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture
The Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture (JGSA) is a journal on research and or a report and or review on the results of general agricultural research. This journal is managed and published by the Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University of Palembang. Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture covers all fields of science regarding general agricultural i.e. Agribusiness (Supply Chain, Production Efficiencies, Feasibility Studies, International Trade, Policy and Strategy Analysis, & Sustainable Development Goals) Agrotechnology (Agronomy, Soil Science, Plant breeding, Plant Protection, & Microbiology), Fisheries (Aquaculture, Physiology, Ichthyology, Biotechnology, Breeding, Aquatic Resources Management, Social Economy of Fisheries, Nutrient, & Biodiversity), Forestry (Conservation, Forest Planning, Forest Policy, Forest Resources, Ecology, Silviculture, Social-Economic, & Forest Management), & Food Processing (Food Technology, Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering, & Bio-systems Engineering). JOURNAL IDENTITY Journal Name : Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture Print ISSN : 2775-3522 Online ISSN : 2775-3514 Publisher : Muhammadiyah University of Palembang Editorial Address : JL. Jend. A. Yani 13 Ulu Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia Telephone : +62 822-8016-9666 Email : kppfpump@gmail.com Publication Frequency : Semiannual First Publication : 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Typology and Characteristics of Community-Based Waste Banks in Integrated Agricultural Waste Management Systems in Ciamis Regency
Waste management is a major challenge for sustainable development in Indonesia, where 40.26% of Indonesia’s waste remains unmanaged. Waste banks have emerged as innovative community-based solution that combines waste reduction with socio-economic benefits and agriculture for community. This study aims to identify and analyze the typology and characteristics of waste banks in Ciamis Regency and evaluate their effectiveness in supporting integrated agricultural sustainable waste management systems. The research method uses a qualitative approach with an instrumental case study design on three waste bank units: Main Waste Bank (MWB) Ciamis, Unit Waste Bank (USB) Al Huda, and BSU Tumras. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and closed interviews with 18 respondents, participatory observation, and documentation studies. Data analysis used descriptive and taxonomic analysis methods.The research results show three main typologies of waste banks in Ciamis Regency: Type A (Large Scale) with a volume >10 tons/month that acts as a strategic coordinator; Type B (Medium Scale) with a volume 1,834.74 kg/month that acts as a coordination-implementation bridge; and Type C (Small Scale) with a volume 443.1 kg/month month that focuses on direct community service. Each typology shows different effectiveness: BSI Ciamis 85%, BSU Al Huda 78% (15% agricultural itegration), and BSU Tumras 70% (12% agricultural integration). The waste bank system in Ciamis Regency has successfully reduced 15% of waste generation to landfills and increased the recycling rate from 25% to 60%, and produced 150 kg/month of organic fertilizer and animal feed support local food security. This study concludes that the diversity of waste bank typologies reflects adaptation to local conditions and contributes to the effectiveness of integrated community-based agricultural sustainable waste management systems.
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Analysis of Mangrove Stress Levels Using the NDRE Index and SPAD Chlorophyll Sensor in the Air Telang Mangrove Reserve
Monitoring mangrove health is essential for identifying stress caused by environmental and anthropogenic pressures, such as salinity, sedimentation, hydrological changes, and land clearing around the mangrove ecosystem. This study aims to map mangrove stress levels in the Air Telang Mangrove Reserve by integrating remote sensing data through the analysis of the NDRE (Normalized Difference Red Edge) index and SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) measurements. A quantitative approach was applied using NDRE analysis from satellite imagery processed with ArcGIS and in-situ SPAD chlorophyll measurements. The NDRE analysis results indicate that mangrove vegetation is predominantly classified as healthy, covering an area of 2,300.61 ha (75.85%), with 2.29 ha (0.08%) categorized as very healthy, 639.14 ha (21.07%) under moderate stress, and 91.10 ha (3.00%) classified as highly stressed or non-vegetated. These findings suggest that the majority of mangroves are in good condition, while only a small portion has been detected as experiencing stress. The correlation between SPAD and NDRE values showed a strong positive relationship with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.748 (p < 0.001) and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.560. These results indicate that the NDRE index can represent chlorophyll content in mangrove vegetation and serve as an alternative to SPAD-based field measurements. Therefore, both SPAD measurements and NDRE vegetation indices can be considered effective tools for assessing the health or stress levels of mangrove ecosystems.
Feasibility Analysis Of Rice Business Local Farmers In Kampung Urumb, Semangga District, Merauke Regency, South Papua Province
Urumb is local villages located in Semangga District with the acreage of 18.000 KM2. It has rice fields with the potential area about 750 ha and in harvest season of 2017, the local farmers have been able to maximize approximately 555 ha land for rice planting. This study was conducted to recognize the profit margin, profitability value and the effiency of rice farming of local farmers in Urumb Village, District of Semangga, Regency of Merauke. This experiment used analysis of farming income, Profitability as well as Return and Cost Ratio. Primary data were collected from question sheet and interogation; while secondary data were provided by Statistics of Indonesia.The results showed that rice farming in Urumb Village, District of Semangga, Regency of Merauke, Province of Papua was beneficial, with the gain profit of IDR 6,731,452/ha, the profitability of 0.65, and income analysis (R/C) about 1.65.
Estimating Carbon Stock in the Padang Sugihan Wildlife Sanctuary Forest Using Allometric Models and Sentinel-2A Imagery
Peat swamp forests in South Sumatra play a vital role in climate change mitigation through carbon storage and hydrological regulation. However, anthropogenic pressures such as illegal logging, land conversion, and recurring fires have led to severe ecosystem degradation, including within the Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve, which covers approximately 86,932 hectares. This reserve serves as a critical habitat for endemic flora and fauna but has experienced a decline in forest cover and ecological functions, ultimately affecting its carbon storage capacity. This study aimed to estimate vegetation density and carbon stock through a combination of field observations, spatial analysis (land cover change, NDVI, and carbon stock), and allometric approaches. Eight plots measuring 20×20 m were established based on the 2024 land cover map, representing similar secondary forest vegetation structures. The analysis followed SNI 7724:2011 standards for carbon stock measurement and calculation. The results revealed significant land cover changes between 2020 and 2024, including a reduction in secondary peat swamp forest and an increase in open areas, plantations, and water bodies. NDVI values and allometric measurements indicated spatial variations reflecting vegetation growth dynamics and carbon absorption potential. Plot 8 and Locus 4 recorded the highest carbon accumulation, at 1.602 and 10.63 tons CO₂e ha⁻¹, respectively, influenced by the dominance of Mahang species (Lauraceae family), vegetation density, and stand age. These findings highlight the critical role of secondary peat swamp forests in maintaining carbon balance and supporting peatland ecosystem restoration at the landscape level. The results also provide scientific evidence for developing sustainable management and conservation strategies for the Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve.
Sustainability Analysis and Actor Performance in the Governance of the Turtle Conservation Program at the Turtle Conservation and Education Center (TCEC) Bali
Community-based conservation is a strategic approach to biodiversity conservation, especially in areas with strong social and cultural ties to natural resources. However, the effectiveness of collaborative governance within this approach is often not fully understood, particularly in relation to the dynamics of power relations and interdependence between actors. This study aims to analyze the roles, influences, and relationships among key actors in supporting the performance of sea turtle conservation programs at the Turtle Conservation and Education Center (TCEC) in Serangan, Bali. Using a mixed-method approach, this study combines MACTOR analysis to map the influence-dependence structure of eight key actors and quantitative descriptive analysis to assess management performance based on the perceptions of 30 respondents. The results show that Bandesa Adat Serangan has the highest influence as the holder of socio-cultural legitimacy, while TCEC Management is the most central actor with the highest level of dependence on multi-actor support. TCEC management performance is generally rated as Good to Very Good, with the highest scores for Sea Turtle Population Conservation (4.60) and Education (4.55). These findings confirm that synergy between customary institutions and formal managers is a key factor in the success of conservation governance. The resulting policy implications encourage the strengthening of community-based collaborative mechanisms in the design and implementation of sustainable coastal conservation programs.
Ecological Risk of Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments of Densely Populated Coastal Area of Sungsang, South Sumatera
The coastal waters of Sungsang represent an estuarine area influenced by various anthropogenic activities, including fisheries, agriculture, water transportation, port operations, and domestic waste disposal. Despite the relatively high intensity of these activities, studies specifically assessing the ecological risk of heavy metal contamination in this area remain limited. Therefore, this study aims to provide an initial assessment of the ecological risk associated with Pb and Zn contamination in the coastal waters of Sungsang, South Sumatra. The research was conducted in September 2025, with sediment samples collected from four sampling stations using purposive sampling. Sampling was carried out during a single season; thus, the results represent instantaneous contamination conditions and do not fully reflect annual temporal variations. Heavy metal concentrations were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), following SNI No. 06-6992.3-2004 for Pb and SNI No. 06-6992.8-2004 for Zn. The results indicated that the average concentrations of Pb ranged from 14.39 to 19.17 mg/kg, while Zn concentrations ranged from 56.57 to 64.95 mg/kg. Based on sediment quality guidelines, these concentrations are classified as safe for aquatic biota. The geoaccumulation index (I_geo) values indicated that the sediments were unpolluted (I_geo < 0), while the contamination factor (CF) showed low contamination levels (CF < 1). Furthermore, pollution load index (PLI) values of less than one suggests that, overall, the sediments in the Sungsang coastal area have not experienced significant heavy metal pollution.
Impact of Social Forestry Policy On Forest Fires in Bayung Lencir District, Musi Banyuasin Regency
Social Forestry Program (PS) is a national initiative aimed at providing legal access for local communities and indigenous groups to manage state forests through schemes such as Village Forests, Community Forests, People's Plantations, Customary Forests, and Forest Partnerships. The goal of social forestry is to improve economic welfare while maintaining the forest ecosystem functions. In the Bayung Lencir District, Musi Banyuasin Regency, there is a social forestry area of approximately 22,093 hectares, consisting of 15 social forestry permits involving 2,154 households. One of the obligations of social forestry permit holders is to protect their area from forest fires. However, from 2014 to 2024, an average of 49 forest fire hotspots occurred annually, with the peak of forest fires occurring during the El Nino years of 2015 (235 hotspots in LPHD Kepayang) and 2019 (169 hotspots in LPHD Muara Merang). These figures reflect the weak capacity for fire mitigation within social forestry groups, limited technical and financial resources, and the lack of policy integration into regional planning. Policy analysis was conducted using a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis, focusing on policies for improving fire mitigation capacity and firefighting infrastructure, collaboration and partnership policies, policies for increasing village fund utilization, strengthening national policy, and policies for climate change adaptation and disaster mitigation. The policy selection alternatives were evaluated using a priority table for policy alternatives. The prioritized policy recommendation is the improvement of fire mitigation capacity and firefighting infrastructure. To support this policy, a Logic Model Analysis was performed.
Estimation of Belowground Carbon Stocks in Peatlands under Different Land Cover Types in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, Indonesia
Monitoring subsurface carbon stocks in peat soils is crucial for understanding how different land cover types contribute to carbon storage and climate change mitigation. This study aims to estimate subsurface carbon (CO₂) stocks in peatlands under various land cover conditions. Soil sampling was conducted three times in October, November, and December 2024 across managed oil palm, unmanaged oil palm, shrubland, and swamp forest land covers. Additional sampling was carried out in August, September, and October 2025 on mixed gardens and secondary forests with dense vegetation. Samples were collected based on peat decomposition levels at an approximate depth of ±400 m and analyzed in the laboratory to determine bulk density (BD) and organic carbon content (%C) using the Loss on Ignition (LOI) method. Carbon stock values were calculated and converted to CO₂ equivalents to obtain total estimates for each sampling point. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically using One-Way ANOVA followed by the Tukey HSD post hoc test. The results revealed that managed oil palm land had the highest carbon stock 11,607.54 tons/ha, followed by unmanaged oil palm 11,107.32 tons/ha, shrubland 7,691.36 tons/ha, mixed garden 7,510.39 tons/ha, secondary forest 7,415.11 tons/ha, and swamp forest 6,872.56 tons/ha. These findings suggest that land cover type and management practices significantly affect subsurface carbon stocks, with well-managed lands tending to store higher amounts of carbon compared to natural or unmanaged areas.
Potential of Fish Farming in Floodplain: A Systematic Literature Review
Floodplain wetlands are important inland water ecosystems with considerable potential for aquaculture development in Indonesia. These ecosystems, characterized by dynamic hydrological conditions and high biodiversity, support a wide variety of native and introduced fish species. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA protocol to examine the ecological, socio-economic, and policy factors that influence the feasibility of aquaculture in floodplain wetlands. Using the Publish or Perish (PoP) software and the Google Scholar database, a total of 996 articles published between 2020 and 2025 were reviewed, and 20 high-quality studies were selected for the final analysis. A systematic literature review indicates that floodplain wetlands possess substantial ecological and economic potential for sustainable fish farming, particularly for local species adapted to flood dynamics. The success of sustainable management is largely determined by the application of adaptive management approaches, the strengthening of community-based governance, and the adoption of innovative practices aligned with wetland ecosystem characteristics. However, existing studies remain limited in addressing long-term monitoring, industrial-scale feasibility, and the impacts of climate change and land-use conversion, highlighting the need for further research.
Effectiveness of Dormancy-Breaking Treatments on the Germination of Indigofera zollingeriana
The availability of high-quality forage remains a major challenge in ruminant livestock systems, particularly during the dry season. Indigofera zollingeriana is a promising leguminous species with high protein content, yet its cultivation is constrained by high seed dormancy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various dormancy-breaking treatments on the germination of I. zollingeriana seeds, both in general (across treatment groups) and specifically (to determine the most effective treatment). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 17 non-factorial treatments and three replications, using two germination test methods: Top of Paper (TOP) and Between Paper (BP). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and orthogonal contrast tests at 5% and 1% significance levels. Results showed that all treatments (K1–K16) significantly increased germination percentage compared to the control, with averages of 49.88% vs. 36.00% (TOP) and 53.69% vs. 41.00% (BP). The most effective treatment was immersion in 95% sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) for 10 minutes, which achieved the highest germination rate (88%) and the lowest dormancy intensity (0%), significantly outperforming physical, biological, and hormonal treatments. These findings indicate that short-duration chemical scarification can serve as a standard treatment for large-scale I. zollingeriana seed production. Further studies are needed to evaluate the physiological safety of the treatment and its impact on early seedling growth in field conditions.
Physiological Responses of Red Tilapia (Oreochormis niloticus) to Photoperiod
Environmental factors play an important role in the growth and survival of fish, both directly and indirectly. This role is not limited to determining the success of fish growth in terms of length and weight; fish behavior, feeding patterns, and metabolism are also affected. Photoperiod itself is defined as the length of time of light and dark exposure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of photoperiodism on the growth rate and physiological response of red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The study was conducted in Gandus District, Palembang City. Data and analysis were performed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with several parameters such as growth rate, weight gain, survival rate, and behavior of red tilapia observed qualitatively in response to treatment with varying light exposure times. The treatments given were 3 variations of light and dark exposure and 5 repetitions with variations P1: 20 hours of light: 4 hours of dark (20T; 4G) P2: 16 hours of light: 8 hours of dark (16T; 8G), and P3: 12 hours light : 12 hours dark (12T; 12G). The analysis results showed that red tilapia had a positive growth response, characterized by an increase in fish length and weight, caused by increased metabolism due to an increase in feed consumption rate. Fish behavior changed compared to the control group due to physiological stress caused by prolonged exposure to light.
Natural Supplementation Strategy to Improve Reproductive Performance of Betta Broodstock (Betta splendens)
This study aims to evaluate the effect of supplementation of natural ingredients in pelleted feed on gonad maturity and survival of female Betta fish (Betta splendens). The research was carried out from April to June 2025 at the Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University, Palembang. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications (a total of 15 containers). The basic feed used was PF 500 pellets. Treatment consisted of: P1 (100% pellets), P2 (pellets + Lactobacillus rhamnosus 100 mg%), P3 (pellets + 100 mg astaxanthin), P4 (pellets + combination of L. rhamnosus 70% + astaxanthin 30%), and P5 (pellets + combination of 70% astaxanthin + L. rhamnosus 30%). Parameters observed included an increase in body weight and length, survival, gonad maturity level (TKG), gonad maturity index (IKG), and fecundity. The results of the study showed that 100% astaxanthin (P3) supplementation provided the most optimal results in increasing body weight, survival, gonad maturity and fecundity of female B. splendens. Length growth did not show significant differences between treatments, while water quality during the study remained in the optimal range for keeping Betta fish. These findings confirm the potential of astaxanthin as an effective natural supplement in supporting the sustainable reproductive performance of ornamental fish.
Analysis of Farmer Empowerment Level on Managing Paddy Farming at Tebing Village, Kelapa District, West Bangka Regency
Empowerment of farmers is an effort to enhance farmers' abilities to carry out better farming activities through agricultural extension programs. According to the Ministerial Regulation, it is carried out in an integrated manner with agricultural development programs, namely by organizing agricultural extension to achieve an increase in farmers' empowerment so that they become prosperous. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of empowerment of paddy farmers in Tebing Village, Kelapa District, West Bangka Regency. The research location is in Tebing Village, Kelapa District, West Bangka Regency, which was selected intentionally. Data were collected using a questionnaire instrument and analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The results of the study involving 35 respondents indicate that the level of farmer empowerment in Tebing Village is already good, meaning that farmers are capable of making the best decisions for themselves in carrying out farming activities and ensuring the sustainability of their farming businesses. The farmers' ability to obtain agricultural information, decision-making skills, market access skills, and adaptability are relatively high, agricultural business/financial management skills are moderately high, and partnership skills are moderate.
A Feasibility Study of the Salted Fish Processing Business in Sei Sembilang Hamlet, Sungsang IV Village, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra
Dusun Sei Sembilang in Sungsang IV Village is one of the coastal areas in Banyuasin Regency that has significant potential in fishery product processing, particularly salted fish. This study analyzes the feasibility of salted fish businesses in Dusun Sei Sembilang, Sungsang IV Village, Banyuasin Regency. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach, with data collected through direct observation of production activities, questionnaires administered to 10 salted fish producers, and in-depth interviews with group leaders and community representatives. Data were analyzed from technical, market, managerial, and financial perspectives. Statistical analyses included cost–revenue analysis and financial feasibility assessment using NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio, and Payback Period, supported by descriptive statistical evaluation. The results show that raw materials are available throughout the year, the production process is simple, and the selling price remains stable at Rp 80,000 per kilogram. The business group operates through a collaborative work system, although financial recording is still limited. Financial analysis indicates that the business is highly feasible, with a positive NPV of Rp 5,714,500, an IRR of 265%, a B/C Ratio of 6.71, and a Payback Period of 0.37 years. Therefore, salted fish enterprises in this area are considered feasible to develop and have the potential to increase the income of coastal communities.
A Organoleptic Analysis of Tuna Meatballs (Thunnus sp.) with the Addition of Lindur Fruit Flour (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)
This study aimed to analyze the effect and determine the best formulation of Lindur fruit flour (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) as an alternative ingredient on the hedonic quality organoleptic characteristics (color, aroma, texture, and taste) of tuna fish balls (Thunnus sp.). The potential of natural resources in East Kutai as a coastal region, with its abundance of mangrove forests and high yield of tuna fish, is expected to support local food security and the diversification of processed tuna fish ball products through the addition of Lindur fruit flour. Lindur fruit, which is rich in fiber and bioactive compounds, has the potential to act as a binding agent and flavor enhancer for the diversification of tuna fish ball products. The treatments tested included the addition of Lindur fruit flour at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% of the total flour content in the batter, compared to a control group (0% addition). The parameters tested were color, aroma, texture, and taste. The data were statistically analyzed using the General Linear Model: Univariate, followed by the Duncan test at a significance level of α = 0.05. The organoleptic test results indicated that the addition of Lindur fruit flour had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on all parameters tested. The formulation with 60% Lindur fruit flour addition was the most preferred by the panelists, achieving the highest scores for aroma and taste, and high acceptance scores for color and texture. Overall, the addition of Lindur fruit flour provided a more unique aroma profile and enhanced a savory taste that was appreciated by the panelists. It is concluded that the addition of Lindur fruit flour up to a 60% dosage effectively improved the organoleptic acceptance of tuna fish balls and successfully supported the diversification of processed tuna products. This finding recommends the 60% formulation for industrial application.
Changes in Reducing Sugar, Fat, Protein, and Sensory Characteristics of Chocolate Bar From The Addition of Clean Fermented Jackfruit Seed Flour
This study aims to develop chocolate products with low sugar content by adding jackfruit seed flour. The main ingredients are cocoa powder and jackfruit seed flour. The stages of the study include the stages of making chocolate, adding jackfruit seed flour with concentrations of 5%, 15%, 25% and control. Product analysis includes analysis of water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, reducing sugar content, and product hedonic test. The results of the analysis showed the range of values ​​for each parameter of water content 1,06-2,02%, ash content 1,87-4,48 %, fat content 5,8%-2,02 protein content 5,2-8,6% and reducing sugar content 20,34%-35,4%. The higher the percentage of jackfruit seed flour, the water content did not differ significantly (p>5%), the ash content differed significantly (p<5%) between treatments, the fat content and reducing sugar content showed a decrease. The results of the sensory test showed an average value for the taste and texture of chocolate ranging, aroma 5-7, and overall 4-7 on a scale of 9. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that jackfruit seed flour can be used as a substitute for chocolate bars with better nutritional and sensory characteristics.
Evaluating Short-Term Climate Trends and Suitability for Tropical Urban Agriculture in Palembang and Jambi, Indonesia
Climate change and food security are global challenges on this era. Climate trends play a critical role in characterizing climatic conditions and informing agricultural suitability recommendations in tropical regions. As rapidly expanding tropical urban areas, Palembang and Jambi warrant particular attention regarding to climate and food security challenges. The study aimed to evaluate climate change and suitability for urban agriculture in Palembang and Jambi. The study used secondary data of monthly rainfall, air temperature, relative humidity, and sunshine duration for the 2014-2018 and 2019-2023 periods. The collected data were subsequently averaged on a monthly basis for each observation period. Thereafter, the data were analyzed using descriptive method. The results showed that there are obvious differences of climate status between Palembang and Jambi, especially related to rainfall. Rainfall in Palembang is higher than Jambi as represented by number of wet months (5-8 months on Palembang and 3-6 months on Jambi). Meanwhile, the dry season in Jambi is potentially longer than Palembang. There was an indication of increasing air temperature in both regions, as indicated by the higher air temperature in 2019-2023 compared to 2014-2018. The air temperature increases each month in Palembang and Jambi is 1.14% and 0.93%, respectively. Nevertheless, air temperature, air humidity, and sunshine duration were still within the range of tropical plants to grow and be productive. Therefore, the recommendation of suitable cultivation in Palembang and Jambi is almost similar, in March-April and November-December applying cultivation techniques under excess water condition, otherwise in June-August on drought-resistant or minimum irrigation cultivation.
Comparing the Feasibility and Economic Performance of Rice Farming in Pandan Enim Village Using Local Microorganisms (MOL)
The use of Local Microorganisms (LOM) in rice farming is an effort to utilize local resources and reduce cultivation practices that use chemical inputs. This study aims to compare the income and feasibility of lowland rice farming between farmers who use and those who do not use LOM in Pandan Enim Village, Tanjung Agung District, Muara Enim Regency. The research method used is a case study with a stratified disproportionate random sampling technique, each involving 15 LOM users and 15 non-LOM users. Data are described mathematically using the farm income formula and the ratio of revenue to production costs. The results indicate that increased rice production leads to higher incomes for LOM users compared to non-LOM users. The R/C value in the LOM user group is also greater than 1 and higher than the non-LOM user group, so rice farming with the application of LOM is declared more feasible to cultivate. Thus, the use of LOM is proven to provide better economic benefits and is worthy of being recommended as an efficient and sustainable rice crop management technology at the farmer level.
Perception and Participation of The Community on The Sustainable Fisheries Agribusiness Development Program in Sungai Gerong, South Sumatera
This study aims to analyze the perception and participation of the community, as well as to analyze the factors of community perception that influence their participation in the Belida Musi Lestari CSR Program; a project for the conservation of belida fish and the development of sustainable fisheries agribusiness. This study uses descriptive quantitative method and inferential statistical through an observational survey, interviews and questionnaires to 100 respondents from the productive age community in Sungai Gerong Village, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera Province and was conducted in September-October 2025. Perception and participation levels were analyzed using a Likert scale, with the results grouped into five categories. Multiple linear regression analysis was then conducted to determine the perceptual factors influencing participation. The results showed that the community had a positive perception of the program and actively participated in the program. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that all perception variables simultaneously have a signifficant effect on community participation at all stages of the program. Partially, the perception variable of expected economic benefits only has a signifficant effect at the program planning stage; while perceptions of the relational quality between the company and the community and the technical aspects of sustainability have a signifficant effect on community participation starting from the planning stages, implementation stage to the program monitoring stage.
The Impact of Marketing Strategy on Herbicide Utilization by Rice Cultivators
Intense competition among herbicide manufacturers requires companies to implement various marketing strategies so that their products can be accepted by farmers. The marketing strategies implemented potentially influence the level of herbicide adoption by farmers. This research aims to: (1) determine the effectiveness of herbicide marketing strategies towards rice farmers; (2) analyze the level of herbicide adoption by rice farmers; and (3) examine the effect of marketing strategies on the adoption of herbicides by rice farmers. The research method used is the survey method. Sampling was carried out using the simple random sampling technique. Data processing was performed using qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative method was used to answer the first and second problems through descriptive analysis, while the quantitative method was used to answer the third problem using multiple regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that: (1) The marketing strategy through offline promotion is effective in delivering information about the gramoxone herbicide to farmers, while online promotion is quite effective in providing information about the herbicide; (2) the level of Gramoxone herbicide adoption by rice farmers in Telang Jaya Village, Muara Telang District, Banyuasin Regency is classified as high; and (3) marketing strategies through offline promotion significantly influence herbicide adoption, while online promotion does not significantly affect the adoption of herbicides by farmers.
Distribution and Growth Patterns of the Tambakan Fish (Helostoma temminckii) and the Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus) in the Musi River, Rantau Bayur Subdistrict, Banyuasin
ABSTRACT The Musi River in Rantau Bayur District, Banyuasin Regency, is an important habitat for kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii) and climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). This study aimed to analyze the distribution, sex ratio, growth patterns, condition factor, and the relationships of both species with water environmental characteristics. The study was conducted from September to November 2025 at five stations representing different levels of anthropogenic pressure. Environmental parameters measured included temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, water transparency, total dissolved solids, and sediment. The results showed that the populations of both species were dominated by females. Climbing perch were generally found in medium size classes, while kissing gourami were dominated by small-sized individuals. The growth pattern of climbing perch was negative allometric, whereas kissing gourami showed a shift from positive to negative allometric growth. The condition factor of climbing perch remained relatively stable, while that of kissing gourami increased toward the end of the observation period. Water characteristics were dominated by silt–clay substrates with high organic matter content, indicating moderate pollution levels. Correspondence analysis revealed relationships between fish size classes and physico-chemical water parameters. Overall, the Musi River still supports the presence of both species, although environmental pressures may influence their population structure.
From Waste to Energy: Sustainability Assessment of Rice Husk Biomass Power Generation
This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability status of rice husk waste processing as fuel for Biomass Power Plant (PLTBm) at PT Buyung Putra Pangan. The research was conducted in Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province, from January to May 2023. The approach used was an expert preference approach through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) involving various stakeholders. Data were analyzed using the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) method integrated into the RAPFISH software, focusing on three sustainability dimensions: social, economic, and environmental. The results showed that the economic dimension was categorized as moderately sustainable (index 61.21), while the social (45.92) and environmental (38.56) dimensions were categorized as less sustainable. The average sustainability index of 48.56 indicates that the rice husk waste processing at PT Buyung Putra Pangan is generally in a less sustainable status. These findings highlight the need for improvements in sensitive attributes, particularly in managing environmental impacts and enhancing community outreach, to ensure that the rice husk processing aligns with sustainable development principles.