Kuantifikasi Komplementaritas Operasional dan Kecukupan Suplai Sistem Hibrida Fotovoltaik-Pikohidro Off-Grid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32502/jse.v11i1.2498Keywords:
Energy Complementarity, Hybrid Power System, Load-Supply Adequacy, Photovoltaic, Pico-HydroAbstract
Off-grid renewable generation systems require a supply that is not only energy-sufficient, but also stable to source variability. This study quantified the short-term operational complementarity between photovoltaic (PV) and picohydro and evaluated the adequacy of supply to load using hourly experimental data. The system consists of two PV modules of 50 Wp each and a picohydro DC generator with a nominal capacity of 200 W with a head of 4.53 m. Measurements were taken on 10–12 July 2025 at 09.00–15.00 (n=21), including irradiation, PV power and efficiency, water discharge, turbine power, generator power and efficiency, and load power. The temperature of the PV module was not analyzed because it was not measured during the experiment. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk test, Pearson/Spearman correlation, linear regression, Friedman, Wilcoxon pairs, coefficient of variation (CV), trapezoidal energy integration, and load-supply adequacy ratio (LSAR). Results showed that irradiation was strongly related to PV power (r=0.998; R²=0.996; p<0.001), while water discharge was strongly related to generator power (r=0.927; R²=0.858; p<0.001). Hybridization lowered PV power CV by 33.54–53.12% and the decrease was significant (p=0.0024; rank-biserial=0.680). Hybrid energy reached 511.12; 445,42; and 436.84 Wh with an LSAR of 1.41; 1,22; and 1.21. Despite the surplus daytime energy, four of the 21 points showed generating power under load so storage remained necessary. The results showed picohydro served as an operational buffer that dampened PV fluctuations and improved supply adequacy. The findings were limited to daylight testing and did not yet represent 24-hour operation as the battery contribution was not analyzed separately.
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