Atmosphere Theory in Nusantara Cultural Museum Design for Nusantara Capital City

Abstract

Bias toward visual elements in architecture often results in visually striking buildings that lack existential grounding and sincerity. This visual dominance makes us feel alienated within our own built environment. Therefore, an approach that considers all the senses is necessary to create a more human-centered environment. An architectural experience that engages all senses can evoke emotions that resonate with the human experience. Peter Zumthor, an architect renowned for his poetic works, emphasizes the importance of sensory perception in architecture. Zumthor’s sources of inspiration are reflected in his book Atmospheres: Architectural Environments, Surrounding Objects. Atmosphere, for Zumthor, answers questions regarding the intensity and mood of a space or architectural structure. He formulated this response into nine atmospheres. This study employs a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical methods and aims to produce a design that enhances the spatial experience by applying Zumthor's atmosphere theory. A cultural museum is chosen as the design object, as the atmosphere is essential to ‘move’ users within it. The location in Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), with its tropical climate and contoured topography, influences the formulation of design criteria. The study’s results will provide atmospheric design criteria to create the ambiance of spaces in a Cultural Museum at IKN, which can then be developed into a design concept.